Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome is an endocrine disorder and a common cause of infertility in women. In PCOS, hormones that affect the reproductive system are abnormal leading to irregular or absent ovulation.
Women with PCOS often have polycystic ovaries. This means that the ovaries have many tiny, benign and painless cysts. During an ultrasound examination, the tiny cysts resemble a string of pearls.
Symptons Of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)
Some of the symptons include:
- Obesity
- Infertility
- Insulin Resistance
- Irregular or absent ovulation
- Absence of monthly menstrual cycle (Amenorrhea)
- Irregular monthly cycle (Oligomenorrhea)
- Recurrent Miscarriage
- Abnormal hair growth on upper lip, chin, around nipple or on abdomen
- Acne
The abnormal hormone level associated with PCOS leads to problems with ovulation. These irregularities in ovulation are the main cause of infertility. PCOS is associated with a higher risk of early miscarriages, which may be high as 20-40%, nearly twice as high as in general population.
Some of the reasons of high miscarriages rate; poor egg quality related to premature or late ovulation. A less environment for an embryo to implant in thr uterine lining due to the abnormal hormone levels is another reason for the higher miscarriage rate.
Treatment of PCOS
The treatment of PCOS depends on whether or not you want to get pregnant. If pregnancy is not a priority, the birth control pill (contraceptive) will help to regulate your cycle and help to reduce Acne and unwanted hair growth.
The first line of treatment is ovulation drugs such as CLOMID which is used to help stimulate ovulation.
Metformin (Glucophage) a drug usually used to treat insulin resistance is sometimes used for treatment, even if you do not have insulin resistance.
If drugs alone do not work, IVF treatment may be recommended.
A healthy diet and regular excercises may also help to restore ovulation.
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